Nutraceuticals Market Status and Trend Analysis 2017-2026 (COVID-19 Version)

  • Report Code : 590084
  • Pages : 101
  • Published On : Nov 2020
  • Industry : Agriculture, Food and Beverages
  • Format :

Choose License Type

Single User License: US$ 2,800
Multi User License: US$ 5,600
Corporate User License: US$ 5,600
Summary

Further key aspects of the report indicate that:
Chapter 1: Research Scope: Product Definition, Type, End-Use & Methodology
Chapter 2: Global Industry Summary
Chapter 3: Market Dynamics
Chapter 4: Global Market Segmentation by region, type and End-Use
Chapter 5: North America Market Segmentation by region, type and End-Use
Chapter 6: Europe Market Segmentation by region, type and End-Use
Chapter 7: Asia-Pacific Market Segmentation by region, type and End-Use
Chapter 8: South America Market Segmentation by region, type and End-Use
Chapter 9: Middle East and Africa Market Segmentation by region, type and End-Use.
Chapter 10: Market Competition by Companies
Chapter 11: Market forecast and environment forecast.
Chapter 12: Industry Summary
.
The global Nutraceuticals market has the potential to grow with xx million USD with growing CAGR in the forecast period from 2021f to 2026f. Factors driving the market for Nutraceuticals are the significant development of demand and improvement of COVID-19 and geo-economics.

Based on the type of product, the global Nutraceuticals market segmented into
Hypermarket & Supermarket
Functional Beverages
Dietary Supplements
Others

Based on the end-use, the global Nutraceuticals market classified into
Hypermarket & Supermarket
Speciality Stores
On-line

Based on geography, the global Nutraceuticals market segmented into
North America [U.S., Canada, Mexico]
Europe [Germany, UK, France, Italy, Rest of Europe]
Asia-Pacific [China, India, Japan, South Korea, Southeast Asia, Australia, Rest of Asia Pacific]
South America [Brazil, Argentina, Rest of Latin America]
Middle East & Africa [GCC, North Africa, South Africa, Rest of Middle East and Africa]

And the major players included in the report are
Herbalife International
PFIZER
DSM NV I-Health Division (Amerifit Nutrition)
Nordic Naturals
Amway Corporation
Dr. Willmar Schwabe
Suntory Holdings
Bayer
Nestle
Danone
Arla Foods
PepsiCo
Kelloggs Company
Dean Foods
Parry Nutraceuticals
Table of Contents
1 RESEARCH SCOPE
1.1 Research Product Definition
1.2 Research Segmentation
1.2.1 Product Type
1.2.2 Main product Type of Major Players
1.3 Demand Overview
1.4 Research Methodology
2 GLOBAL NUTRACEUTICALS INDUSTRY
2.1 Summary about Nutraceuticals Industry
2.2 Nutraceuticals Market Trends
2.2.1 Nutraceuticals Production & Consumption Trends
2.2.2 Nutraceuticals Demand Structure Trends
2.3 Nutraceuticals Cost & Price
3 MARKET DYNAMICS
3.1 Manufacturing & Purchasing Behavior in 2020
3.2 Market Development under the Impact of COVID-19
3.2.1 Drivers
3.2.2 Restraints
3.2.3 Opportunity
3.2.4 Risk
4 GLOBAL MARKET SEGMENTATION
4.1 Region Segmentation (2017 to 2021f)
4.1.1 North America (U.S., Canada and Mexico)
4.1.2 Europe (Germany, UK, France, Italy, Rest of Europe)
4.1.3 Asia-Pacific (China, India, Japan, South Korea, Southeast Asia, Australia, Rest of Asia Pacific)
4.1.4 South America (Brazil,, Argentina, Rest of Latin America)
4.1.5 Middle East and Africa (GCC, North Africa, South Africa, Rest of Middle East and Africa)
4.2 Product Type Segmentation (2017 to 2021f)
4.2.1 Functional Foods
4.2.2 Functional Beverages
4.2.3 Dietary Supplements
4.2.4 Others
4.3 Consumption Segmentation (2017 to 2021f)
4.3.1 Hypermarket & Supermarket
4.3.2 Speciality Stores
4.3.3 On-line
5 NORTH AMERICA MARKET SEGMENT
5.1 Region Segmentation (2017 to 2021f)
5.1.1 U.S.
5.1.2 Canada
5.1.3 Mexico
5.2 Product Type Segmentation (2017 to 2021f)
5.2.1 Functional Foods
5.2.2 Functional Beverages
5.2.3 Dietary Supplements
5.2.4 Others
5.3 Consumption Segmentation (2017 to 2021f)
5.3.1 Hypermarket & Supermarket
5.3.2 Speciality Stores
5.3.3 On-line
5.4 Impact of COVID-19 in North America
6 EUROPE MARKET SEGMENTATION
6.1 Region Segmentation (2017 to 2021f)
6.1.1 Germany
6.1.2 UK
6.1.3 France
6.1.4 Italy
6.1.5 Rest of Europe
6.2 Product Type Segmentation (2017 to 2021f)
6.2.1 Functional Foods
6.2.2 Functional Beverages
6.2.3 Dietary Supplements
6.2.4 Others
6.3 Consumption Segmentation (2017 to 2021f)
6.3.1 Hypermarket & Supermarket
6.3.2 Speciality Stores
6.3.3 On-line
6.4 Impact of COVID-19 in Europe
7 ASIA-PACIFIC MARKET SEGMENTATION
7.1 Region Segmentation (2017 to 2021f)
7.1.1 China
7.1.2 India
7.1.3 Japan
7.1.4 South Korea
7.1.5 Southeast Asia
7.1.6 Australia
7.1.7 Rest of Asia Pacific
7.2 Product Type Segmentation (2017 to 2021f)
7.2.1 Functional Foods
7.2.2 Functional Beverages
7.2.3 Dietary Supplements
7.2.4 Others
7.3 Consumption Segmentation (2017 to 2021f)
7.3.1 Hypermarket & Supermarket
7.3.2 Speciality Stores
7.3.3 On-line
7.4 Impact of COVID-19 in Europe
8 SOUTH AMERICA MARKET SEGMENTATION
8.1 Region Segmentation (2017 to 2021f)
8.1.1 Brazil
8.1.2 Argentina
8.1.3 Rest of Latin America
8.2 Product Type Segmentation (2017 to 2021f)
8.2.1 Functional Foods
8.2.2 Functional Beverages
8.2.3 Dietary Supplements
8.2.4 Others
8.3 Consumption Segmentation (2017 to 2021f)
8.3.1 Hypermarket & Supermarket
8.3.2 Speciality Stores
8.3.3 On-line
8.4 Impact of COVID-19 in Europe
9 MIDDLE EAST AND AFRICA MARKET SEGMENTATION
9.1 Region Segmentation (2017 to 2021f)
9.1.1 GCC
9.1.2 North Africa
9.1.3 South Africa
9.1.4 Rest of Middle East and Africa
9.2 Product Type Segmentation (2017 to 2021f)
9.2.1 Functional Foods
9.2.2 Functional Beverages
9.2.3 Dietary Supplements
9.2.4 Others
9.3 Consumption Segmentation (2017 to 2021f)
9.3.1 Hypermarket & Supermarket
9.3.2 Speciality Stores
9.3.3 On-line
9.4 Impact of COVID-19 in Europe
10 COMPETITION OF MAJOR PLAYERS
10.1 Brief Introduction of Major Players
10.1.1 Herbalife International
10.1.2 PFIZER
10.1.3 DSM NV I-Health Division (Amerifit Nutrition)
10.1.4 Nordic Naturals
10.1.5 Amway Corporation
10.1.6 Dr. Willmar Schwabe
10.1.7 Suntory Holdings
10.1.8 Bayer
10.1.9 Nestle
10.1.10 Danone
10.1.11 Arla Foods
10.1.12 PepsiCo
10.1.13 Kelloggs Company
10.1.14 Dean Foods
10.1.15 Parry Nutraceuticals
10.2 Nutraceuticals Sales Date of Major Players (2017-2020e)
10.2.1 Herbalife International
10.2.2 PFIZER
10.2.3 DSM NV I-Health Division (Amerifit Nutrition)
10.2.4 Nordic Naturals
10.2.5 Amway Corporation
10.2.6 Dr. Willmar Schwabe
10.2.7 Suntory Holdings
10.2.8 Bayer
10.2.9 Nestle
10.2.10 Danone
10.2.11 Arla Foods
10.2.12 PepsiCo
10.2.13 Kelloggs Company
10.2.14 Dean Foods
10.2.15 Parry Nutraceuticals
10.3 Market Distribution of Major Players
10.4 Global Competition Segmentation
11 MARKET FORECAST
11.1 Forecast by Region
11.2 Forecast by Demand
11.3 Environment Forecast
11.3.1 Impact of COVID-19
11.3.2 Geopolitics Overview
11.3.3 Economic Overview of Major Countries
12 REPORT SUMMARY STATEMENT


List of Table
1.Table Nutraceuticals Product Type Overview
2.Table Nutraceuticals Product Type Market Share List
3.Table Nutraceuticals Product Type of Major Players
4.Table Brief Introduction of Herbalife International
5.Table Brief Introduction of PFIZER
6.Table Brief Introduction of DSM NV I-Health Division (Amerifit Nutrition)
7.Table Brief Introduction of Nordic Naturals
8.Table Brief Introduction of Amway Corporation
9.Table Brief Introduction of Dr. Willmar Schwabe
10.Table Brief Introduction of Suntory Holdings
11.Table Brief Introduction of Bayer
12.Table Brief Introduction of Nestle
13.Table Brief Introduction of Danone
14.Table Brief Introduction of Arla Foods
15.Table Brief Introduction of PepsiCo
16.Table Brief Introduction of Kelloggs Company
17.Table Brief Introduction of Dean Foods
18.Table Brief Introduction of Parry Nutraceuticals
19.Table Products & Services of Herbalife International
20.Table Products & Services of PFIZER
21.Table Products & Services of DSM NV I-Health Division (Amerifit Nutrition)
22.Table Products & Services of Nordic Naturals
23.Table Products & Services of Amway Corporation
24.Table Products & Services of Dr. Willmar Schwabe
25.Table Products & Services of Suntory Holdings
26.Table Products & Services of Bayer
27.Table Products & Services of Nestle
28.Table Products & Services of Danone
29.Table Products & Services of Arla Foods
30.Table Products & Services of PepsiCo
31.Table Products & Services of Kelloggs Company
32.Table Products & Services of Dean Foods
33.Table Products & Services of Parry Nutraceuticals
34.Table Market Distribution of Major Players
35.Table Global Major Players Sales Revenue (Million USD) 2017-2020e
36.Table Global Major Players Sales Revenue (Million USD) Share 2017-2020e
37.Table Global Nutraceuticals Market Forecast (Million USD) by Region 2021f-2026f
38.Table Global Nutraceuticals Market Forecast (Million USD) Share by Region 2021f-2026f
39.Table Global Nutraceuticals Market Forecast (Million USD) by Demand 2021f-2026f
40.Table Global Nutraceuticals Market Forecast (Million USD) Share by Demand 2021f-2026f

List of Figure
1.Figure Global Nutraceuticals Market Size under the Impact of COVID-19, 2017-2021f (USD Million)
2.Figure Global Nutraceuticals Market by Region under the Impact of COVID-19, 2017-2021f (USD Million)
3.Figure Global Nutraceuticals Market by Product Type under the Impact of COVID-19, 2017-2021f (USD Million)
4.Figure Global Nutraceuticals Market by Demand under the Impact of COVID-19, 2017-2021f (USD Million)
5.Figure Global Nutraceuticals Production by Region under the Impact of COVID-19, 2021-2026 (USD Million)
6.Figure Global Nutraceuticals Consumption by Region under the Impact of COVID-19, 2021-2026 (USD Million)
7.Figure Global Nutraceuticals Consumption by Type under the Impact of COVID-19, 2021-2026 (USD Million)
8.Figure North America Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
9.Figure Europe Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
10.Figure Asia-Pacific Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
11.Figure South America Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
12.Figure Middle East and Africa Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
13.Figure Functional Foods Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
14.Figure Functional Beverages Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
15.Figure Dietary Supplements Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
16.Figure Others Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
17.Figure Hypermarket & Supermarket Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
18.Figure Speciality Stores Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
19.Figure On-line Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
20.Figure U.S. Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
21.Figure Canada Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
22.Figure Mexico Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
23.Figure Functional Foods Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
24.Figure Functional Beverages Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
25.Figure Dietary Supplements Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
26.Figure Others Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
27.Figure Hypermarket & Supermarket Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
28.Figure Speciality Stores Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
29.Figure On-line Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
30.Figure Germany Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
31.Figure UK Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
32.Figure France Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
33.Figure Italy Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
34.Figure Rest of Europe Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
35.Figure Functional Foods Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
36.Figure Functional Beverages Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
37.Figure Dietary Supplements Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
38.Figure Others Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
39.Figure Hypermarket & Supermarket Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
40.Figure Speciality Stores Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
41.Figure On-line Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
42.Figure China Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
43.Figure India Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
44.Figure Japan Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
45.Figure South Korea Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
46.Figure Southeast Asia Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
47.Figure Australia Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
48.Figure Rest of Asia Pacific Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
49.Figure Functional Foods Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
50.Figure Functional Beverages Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
51.Figure Dietary Supplements Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
52.Figure Others Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
53.Figure Hypermarket & Supermarket Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
54.Figure Speciality Stores Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
55.Figure On-line Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
56.Figure Brazil Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
57.Figure Argentina Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
58.Figure Rest of Latin America Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
59.Figure Functional Foods Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
60.Figure Functional Beverages Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
61.Figure Dietary Supplements Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
62.Figure Others Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
63.Figure Hypermarket & Supermarket Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
64.Figure Speciality Stores Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
65.Figure On-line Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
66.Figure GCC Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
67.Figure North Africa Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
68.Figure South Africa Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
69.Figure Rest of Middle East and Africa Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
70.Figure Functional Foods Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
71.Figure Functional Beverages Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
72.Figure Dietary Supplements Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
73.Figure Others Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
74.Figure Hypermarket & Supermarket Seg

2023-2028 Global and Regional Plant-based Cannabidiol (CBD) Nutraceuticals Industry Status and Prospects Professional Market Research Report Standard Version...

The global Plant-based Cannabidiol (CBD) Nutraceuticals market is expected to reach US$ XX Million by 2028, with a CAGR of XX% from 2023 to 2028, based on HNY Research newly published report. The prime objective of this report is to provide the insights on the post COVID-19 impact which will hel...

2023-2028 Global and Regional Halal Nutraceuticals & Vaccines Industry Status and Prospects Professional Market Research Report Standard Version...

The global Halal Nutraceuticals & Vaccines market is expected to reach US$ XX Million by 2028, with a CAGR of XX% from 2023 to 2028, based on HNY Research newly published report. The prime objective of this report is to provide the insights on the post COVID-19 impact which will help market play...

Global Nutraceuticals CDMO Market Size, Key Players, Research Insights, Emerging Opportunities, COVID-19 Impact and Emerging Trends By 2030...

Overview of the Global Nutraceuticals CDMO Market: The report discusses everything a marketer requires before investing in the global Nutraceuticals CDMO Market during the forecast period 2023-2030. It provides deta...

2023-2028 Global and Regional Pet Nutraceuticals Industry Status and Prospects Professional Market Research Report Standard Version...

The global Pet Nutraceuticals market is expected to reach US$ XX Million by 2028, with a CAGR of XX% from 2023 to 2028, based on HNY Research newly published report. The prime objective of this report is to provide the insights on the post COVID-19 impact which will help market players in this f...

2023-2028 Global and Regional Pet Supplements and Nutraceuticals Industry Status and Prospects Professional Market Research Report Standard Version...

The global Pet Supplements and Nutraceuticals market is expected to reach US$ XX Million by 2028, with a CAGR of XX% from 2023 to 2028, based on HNY Research newly published report. The prime objective of this report is to provide the insights on the post COVID-19 impact which will help market p...

2022-2027 Global and Regional Beta-Glucan Nutraceuticals Industry Status and Prospects Professional Market Research Report Standard Version...

The global Beta-Glucan Nutraceuticals market is expected to reach US$ XX Million by 2027, with a CAGR of XX% from 2022 to 2027, based on HNY Research newly published report. The prime objective of this report is to provide the insights on the post COVID-19 impact which will help market players i...

Global and Asia Halal Nutraceuticals and Vaccines Market Size, Key Players, Research Insights, Emerging Opportunities, COVID-19 Impact and Emerging Trends By 2029...

Overview of the Global Halal Nutraceuticals and Vaccines Market:The report discusses everything a marketer requires before investing in the global Halal Nutraceuticals and Vaccines Market during the forecast period 2022-2029. It provides detailed insight into current trend...

Softgel Capsules Market by Type (Gelatin Capsules, Non-animal Capsules), by Application (Health & Dietary Supplements, Prescribed Medicines), by Manufacturer (Nutraceuticals, Pharmaceuticals, Cosmeceuticals) - Global Outlook & Forecast 2022-2030...

The Softgel Capsules Market is predicted to reach US$ ~14.3 billion by 2030 from US$ ~7.4 billion in 2021, and to grow at a CAGR of ~7.6% between the forecast period 2022 to 2030. The research report includes specific segments by Products/Type and by Application, by region (country)....

Astaxanthin Market by Form [Dry Form and Liquid Form], Source [Natural and Synthetic], Application [Animal Feed, Pharmaceuticals, Nutraceuticals and Cosmetics] â€" Global Outlook & Forecast 2021-2031...

The Astaxanthin Market is predicted to reach US$ ~1321.3 million by 2031 from US$ ~640.8 million in 2020, and to grow at a CAGR of ~6.8% between the forecast period 2021 to 2031. The research report includes specific segments by Products/Type and by Application, by region (country). ...

Global Nutraceuticals Market 2022-2028...

Nutraceutical is defined as a food or part of it that provides the body with medical or health benefits, including the prevention and treatment of a disease. In addition to vitamins, they contain naturally occurring ingredients such as garlic, ginseng and other herbal products such as phytochemicals...