We have an updated report [Version - 2023] available. Kindly sign up to get the sample of the report.

Gaming Peripheral Market Status and Trend Analysis 2017-2026 (COVID-19 Version)

  • Report Code : 527127
  • Industry : Consumer Goods and Retail
  • Published On : Jan 2021
  • Pages : 143
  • Publisher : 99strategy
  • Format: WMR PPT FormatWMR PDF Format

Impact Analysis of Covid-19

The complete version of the Report will include the impact of the COVID-19, and anticipated change on the future outlook of the industry, by taking into the account the political, economic, social, and technological parameters.

Summary

Further key aspects of the report indicate that:
Chapter 1: Research Scope: Product Definition, Type, End-Use & Methodology
Chapter 2: Global Industry Summary
Chapter 3: Market Dynamics
Chapter 4: Global Market Segmentation by region, type and End-Use
Chapter 5: North America Market Segmentation by region, type and End-Use
Chapter 6: Europe Market Segmentation by region, type and End-Use
Chapter 7: Asia-Pacific Market Segmentation by region, type and End-Use
Chapter 8: South America Market Segmentation by region, type and End-Use
Chapter 9: Middle East and Africa Market Segmentation by region, type and End-Use.
Chapter 10: Market Competition by Companies
Chapter 11: Market forecast and environment forecast.
Chapter 12: Industry Summary.

The global Gaming Peripheral market has the potential to grow with xx million USD with growing CAGR in the forecast period from 2021f to 2026f. Factors driving the market for Gaming Peripheral are the significant development of demand and improvement of COVID-19 and geo-economics.

Based on the type of product, the global Gaming Peripheral market segmented into
Controllers
Headsets
Keyboards
Mouse
Others

Based on the end-use, the global Gaming Peripheral market classified into
Commercial
Personal

Based on geography, the global Gaming Peripheral market segmented into
North America [U.S., Canada, Mexico]
Europe [Germany, UK, France, Italy, Rest of Europe]
Asia-Pacific [China, India, Japan, South Korea, Southeast Asia, Australia, Rest of Asia Pacific]
South America [Brazil, Argentina, Rest of Latin America]
Middle East & Africa [GCC, North Africa, South Africa, Rest of Middle East and Africa]

And the major players included in the report are
Corsair Components
Logitech International
Mad Catz Interactive
Razer
SteelSeries
Sony
Microsoft
Cooler Master
Kingston
Gioteck
Fnatic Gear
BenQ
Gamdias
Mionix
QPAD
Tesoro Gaming
CM Storm
COUGAR
TTeSPORTS
Roccat
SteelSeries

Table of Contents
1 RESEARCH SCOPE
1.1 Research Product Definition
1.2 Research Segmentation
1.2.1 Product Type
1.2.2 Main product Type of Major Players
1.3 Demand Overview
1.4 Research Methodology
2 GLOBAL GAMING PERIPHERAL INDUSTRY
2.1 Summary about Gaming Peripheral Industry
2.2 Gaming Peripheral Market Trends
2.2.1 Gaming Peripheral Production & Consumption Trends
2.2.2 Gaming Peripheral Demand Structure Trends
2.3 Gaming Peripheral Cost & Price
3 MARKET DYNAMICS
3.1 Manufacturing & Purchasing Behavior in 2020
3.2 Market Development under the Impact of COVID-19
3.2.1 Drivers
3.2.2 Restraints
3.2.3 Opportunity
3.2.4 Risk
4 GLOBAL MARKET SEGMENTATION
4.1 Region Segmentation (2017 to 2021f)
4.1.1 North America (U.S., Canada and Mexico)
4.1.2 Europe (Germany, UK, France, Italy, Rest of Europe)
4.1.3 Asia-Pacific (China, India, Japan, South Korea, Southeast Asia, Australia, Rest of Asia Pacific)
4.1.4 South America (Brazil,, Argentina, Rest of Latin America)
4.1.5 Middle East and Africa (GCC, North Africa, South Africa, Rest of Middle East and Africa)
4.2 Product Type Segmentation (2017 to 2021f)
4.2.1 Controllers
4.2.2 Headsets
4.2.3 Keyboards
4.2.4 Mouse
4.2.5 Others
4.3 Consumption Segmentation (2017 to 2021f)
4.3.1 Commercial
4.3.2 Personal
5 NORTH AMERICA MARKET SEGMENT
5.1 Region Segmentation (2017 to 2021f)
5.1.1 U.S.
5.1.2 Canada
5.1.3 Mexico
5.2 Product Type Segmentation (2017 to 2021f)
5.2.1 Controllers
5.2.2 Headsets
5.2.3 Keyboards
5.2.4 Mouse
5.2.5 Others
5.3 Consumption Segmentation (2017 to 2021f)
5.3.1 Commercial
5.3.2 Personal
5.4 Impact of COVID-19 in North America
6 EUROPE MARKET SEGMENTATION
6.1 Region Segmentation (2017 to 2021f)
6.1.1 Germany
6.1.2 UK
6.1.3 France
6.1.4 Italy
6.1.5 Rest of Europe
6.2 Product Type Segmentation (2017 to 2021f)
6.2.1 Controllers
6.2.2 Headsets
6.2.3 Keyboards
6.2.4 Mouse
6.2.5 Others
6.3 Consumption Segmentation (2017 to 2021f)
6.3.1 Commercial
6.3.2 Personal
6.4 Impact of COVID-19 in Europe
7 ASIA-PACIFIC MARKET SEGMENTATION
7.1 Region Segmentation (2017 to 2021f)
7.1.1 China
7.1.2 India
7.1.3 Japan
7.1.4 South Korea
7.1.5 Southeast Asia
7.1.6 Australia
7.1.7 Rest of Asia Pacific
7.2 Product Type Segmentation (2017 to 2021f)
7.2.1 Controllers
7.2.2 Headsets
7.2.3 Keyboards
7.2.4 Mouse
7.2.5 Others
7.3 Consumption Segmentation (2017 to 2021f)
7.3.1 Commercial
7.3.2 Personal
7.4 Impact of COVID-19 in Europe
8 SOUTH AMERICA MARKET SEGMENTATION
8.1 Region Segmentation (2017 to 2021f)
8.1.1 Brazil
8.1.2 Argentina
8.1.3 Rest of Latin America
8.2 Product Type Segmentation (2017 to 2021f)
8.2.1 Controllers
8.2.2 Headsets
8.2.3 Keyboards
8.2.4 Mouse
8.2.5 Others
8.3 Consumption Segmentation (2017 to 2021f)
8.3.1 Commercial
8.3.2 Personal
8.4 Impact of COVID-19 in Europe
9 MIDDLE EAST AND AFRICA MARKET SEGMENTATION
9.1 Region Segmentation (2017 to 2021f)
9.1.1 GCC
9.1.2 North Africa
9.1.3 South Africa
9.1.4 Rest of Middle East and Africa
9.2 Product Type Segmentation (2017 to 2021f)
9.2.1 Controllers
9.2.2 Headsets
9.2.3 Keyboards
9.2.4 Mouse
9.2.5 Others
9.3 Consumption Segmentation (2017 to 2021f)
9.3.1 Commercial
9.3.2 Personal
9.4 Impact of COVID-19 in Europe
10 COMPETITION OF MAJOR PLAYERS
10.1 Brief Introduction of Major Players
10.1.1 Corsair Components
10.1.2 Logitech International
10.1.3 Mad Catz Interactive
10.1.4 Razer
10.1.5 SteelSeries
10.1.6 Sony
10.1.7 Microsoft
10.1.8 Cooler Master
10.1.9 Kingston
10.1.10 Gioteck
10.1.11 Fnatic Gear
10.1.12 BenQ
10.1.13 Gamdias
10.1.14 Mionix
10.1.15 QPAD
10.1.16 Tesoro Gaming
10.1.17 CM Storm
10.1.18 COUGAR
10.1.19 TTeSPORTS
10.1.20 Roccat
10.1.21 SteelSeries
10.2 Gaming Peripheral Sales Date of Major Players (2017-2020e)
10.2.1 Corsair Components
10.2.2 Logitech International
10.2.3 Mad Catz Interactive
10.2.4 Razer
10.2.5 SteelSeries
10.2.6 Sony
10.2.7 Microsoft
10.2.8 Cooler Master
10.2.9 Kingston
10.2.10 Gioteck
10.2.11 Fnatic Gear
10.2.12 BenQ
10.2.13 Gamdias
10.2.14 Mionix
10.2.15 QPAD
10.2.16 Tesoro Gaming
10.2.17 CM Storm
10.2.18 COUGAR
10.2.19 TTeSPORTS
10.2.20 Roccat
10.2.21 SteelSeries
10.3 Market Distribution of Major Players
10.4 Global Competition Segmentation
11 MARKET FORECAST
11.1 Forecast by Region
11.2 Forecast by Demand
11.3 Environment Forecast
11.3.1 Impact of COVID-19
11.3.2 Geopolitics Overview
11.3.3 Economic Overview of Major Countries
12 REPORT SUMMARY STATEMENT

List of Table
Table Gaming Peripheral Product Type Overview
Table Gaming Peripheral Product Type Market Share List
Table Gaming Peripheral Product Type of Major Players
Table Brief Introduction of Corsair Components
Table Brief Introduction of Logitech International
Table Brief Introduction of Mad Catz Interactive
Table Brief Introduction of Razer
Table Brief Introduction of SteelSeries
Table Brief Introduction of Sony
Table Brief Introduction of Microsoft
Table Brief Introduction of Cooler Master
Table Brief Introduction of Kingston
Table Brief Introduction of Gioteck
Table Brief Introduction of Fnatic Gear
Table Brief Introduction of BenQ
Table Brief Introduction of Gamdias
Table Brief Introduction of Mionix
Table Brief Introduction of QPAD
Table Brief Introduction of Tesoro Gaming
Table Brief Introduction of CM Storm
Table Brief Introduction of COUGAR
Table Brief Introduction of TTeSPORTS
Table Brief Introduction of Roccat
Table Brief Introduction of SteelSeries
Table Products & Services of Corsair Components
Table Products & Services of Logitech International
Table Products & Services of Mad Catz Interactive
Table Products & Services of Razer
Table Products & Services of SteelSeries
Table Products & Services of Sony
Table Products & Services of Microsoft
Table Products & Services of Cooler Master
Table Products & Services of Kingston
Table Products & Services of Gioteck
Table Products & Services of Fnatic Gear
Table Products & Services of BenQ
Table Products & Services of Gamdias
Table Products & Services of Mionix
Table Products & Services of QPAD
Table Products & Services of Tesoro Gaming
Table Products & Services of CM Storm
Table Products & Services of COUGAR
Table Products & Services of TTeSPORTS
Table Products & Services of Roccat
Table Products & Services of SteelSeries
Table Market Distribution of Major Players
Table Global Major Players Sales Revenue (Million USD) 2017-2020e
Table Global Major Players Sales Revenue (Million USD) Share 2017-2020e
Table Global Gaming Peripheral Market Forecast (Million USD) by Region 2021f-2026f
Table Global Gaming Peripheral Market Forecast (Million USD) Share by Region 2021f-2026f
Table Global Gaming Peripheral Market Forecast (Million USD) by Demand 2021f-2026f
Table Global Gaming Peripheral Market Forecast (Million USD) Share by Demand 2021f-2026f

List of Figure
Figure Global Gaming Peripheral Market Size under the Impact of COVID-19, 2017-2021f (USD Million)
Figure Global Gaming Peripheral Market by Region under the Impact of COVID-19, 2017-2021f (USD Million)
Figure Global Gaming Peripheral Market by Product Type under the Impact of COVID-19, 2017-2021f (USD Million)
Figure Global Gaming Peripheral Market by Demand under the Impact of COVID-19, 2017-2021f (USD Million)
Figure Global Gaming Peripheral Production by Region under the Impact of COVID-19, 2021-2026 (USD Million)
Figure Global Gaming Peripheral Consumption by Region under the Impact of COVID-19, 2021-2026 (USD Million)
Figure Global Gaming Peripheral Consumption by Type under the Impact of COVID-19, 2021-2026 (USD Million)
Figure North America Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
Figure Europe Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
Figure Asia-Pacific Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
Figure South America Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
Figure Middle East and Africa Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
Figure Controllers Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
Figure Headsets Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
Figure Keyboards Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
Figure Mouse Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
Figure Others Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
Figure Commercial Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
Figure Personal Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
Figure U.S. Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
Figure Canada Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
Figure Mexico Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
Figure Controllers Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
Figure Headsets Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
Figure Keyboards Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
Figure Mouse Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
Figure Others Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
Figure Commercial Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
Figure Personal Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
Figure Germany Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
Figure UK Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
Figure France Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
Figure Italy Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
Figure Rest of Europe Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
Figure Controllers Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
Figure Headsets Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
Figure Keyboards Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
Figure Mouse Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
Figure Others Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
Figure Commercial Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
Figure Personal Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
Figure China Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
Figure India Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
Figure Japan Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
Figure South Korea Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
Figure Southeast Asia Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
Figure Australia Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
Figure Rest of Asia Pacific Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
Figure Controllers Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
Figure Headsets Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
Figure Keyboards Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
Figure Mouse Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
Figure Others Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
Figure Commercial Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
Figure Personal Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
Figure Brazil Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
Figure Argentina Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
Figure Rest of Latin America Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
Figure Controllers Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
Figure Headsets Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
Figure Keyboards Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
Figure Mouse Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
Figure Others Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
Figure Commercial Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
Figure Personal Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
Figure GCC Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
Figure North Africa Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
Figure South Africa Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
Figure Rest of Middle East and Africa Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
Figure Controllers Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
Figure Headsets Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
Figure Keyboards Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
Figure Mouse Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
Figure Others Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
Figure Commercial Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
Figure Personal Segmentation Market Size (USD Million) 2017-2021f and Year-over-year (YOY) Growth (%) 2018-2021f
Figure Gaming Peripheral Sales Revenue (Million USD) of Corsair Components 2017-2020e
Figure Gaming Peripheral Sales Revenue (Million USD) of Logitech International 2017-2020e
Figure Gaming Peripheral Sales Revenue (Million USD) of Mad Catz Interactive 2017-2020e
Figure Gaming Peripheral Sales Revenue (Million USD) of Razer 2017-2020e
Figure Gaming Peripheral Sales Revenue (Million USD) of SteelSeries 2017-2020e
Figure Gaming Peripheral Sales Revenue (Million USD) of Sony 2017-2020e
Figure Gaming Peripheral Sales Revenue (Million USD) of Microsoft 2017-2020e
Figure Gaming Peripheral Sales Revenue (Million USD) of Cooler Master 2017-2020e
Figure Gaming Peripheral Sales Revenue (Million USD) of Kingston 2017-2020e
Figure Gaming Peripheral Sales Revenue (Million USD) of Gioteck 2017-2020e
Figure Gaming Peripheral Sales Revenue (Million USD) of Fnatic Gear 2017-2020e
Figure Gaming Peripheral Sales Revenue (Million USD) of BenQ 2017-2020e
Figure Gaming Peripheral Sales Revenue (Million USD) of Gamdias 2017-2020e
Figure Gaming Peripheral Sales Revenue (Million USD) of Mionix 2017-2020e
Figure Gaming Peripheral Sales Revenue (Million USD) of QPAD 2017-2020e
Figure Gaming Peripheral Sales Revenue (Million USD) of Tesoro Gaming 2017-2020e
Figure Gaming Peripheral Sales Revenue (Million USD) of CM Storm 2017-2020e
Figure Sales Revenue (Million USD) of COUGAR 2017-2020e
Figure Sales Revenue (Million USD) of TTeSPORTS 2017-2020e
Figure Sales Revenue (Million USD) of Roccat 2017-2020e
Figure Sales Revenue (Million USD) of SteelSeries 2017-2020e

Choose License Type

Happy To Assist You

Contact Images

We will be happy to help you find what you need. Please call us or write to us:

Frequently Asked Questions

This report incorporates the analysis of factors that augments the market growth. Report presents competitive landscape of the global market. This also provides the scope of different segments and applications that can potentially influence the market in the future. The analysis is based on current market trends and historic growth data. It includes detailed market segmentation, regional analysis, and competitive landscape of the industry.
The report efficiently evaluates the current market size and provides industry forecast. The market was valued at xxx Million US$ in 2019, and is expected to grow at a CAGR of xx% during the period 2020-2027.
The report efficiently evaluates the current market size and provides forecast for the industry in terms of Value (US$ Mn) and Volume (thousand ton / metric ton / cubic meter).
Market is segmented by:
  • Product Types
  • Applications
  • Technology
  • End-use Industries
  • Distribution channel
  • Regions
The report share key insights on the following:
  • Current market size
  • Market forecast
  • Market opportunities
  • Key drivers and restraints
  • Regulatory scenario
  • Industry trend
  • Pestle analysis
  • Porter’s analysis
  • New product approvals/launch
  • Promotion and marketing initiatives
  • Pricing analysis
  • Export-import analysis
  • Trade analysis
  • Competitive landscape
It helps the businesses in making investments decisions.
Customization helps the organization to gain insight on specific segments and regions of interest. Thus, WMR offers tailored report information based on business requirement in order to take strategic calls.
Contact us

mapicon
Sales Office (U.S.):
Worldwide Market Reports, 533 Airport Boulevard, Suite 400, Burlingame, CA 94010, United States

mapicon+1-415-871-0703

mapicon
Asia Pacific Intelligence Center (India):
Worldwide Market Reports, 403, 4th Floor, Bremen Business Center, Aundh, Pune, Maharashtra 411007, India.

Newsletter

Want us to send you latest updates of the current trends, insights, and more, signup to our newsletter (for alerts, special offers, and discounts).


Secure Payment By:
paymenticon

This website is secured Origin CA certificate on the server, Comodo, Firewall and Verified Sitelock Malware Protection

secureimg

© 2024 Worldwide Market Reports. All Rights Reserved